Michael Klein at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA. "Preliminary observations by 2MASS are already suggesting new infrared sources will be discovered," said Program Manager Dr. "We expect this new, greatly updated survey will be an invaluable resource for the next 100 years." "The sky survey catalogues produced 100 years ago are still useful to astronomers," said 2MASS Project Manager Rae Stiening. The Two-Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS), based at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, features two 1.3-meter (51-inch) telescopes, one at a Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory site atop Mount Hopkins, near Tucson, AZ, and the other at a National Optical Astronomy Observatories site in Cerro Tololo, Chile. The first of a pair of new telescopes, funded primarily by NASA, has begun an ambitious three-and-a-half year near-infrared survey of the entire celestial sky, peering through the curtain of interstellar dust in the Milky Way galaxy. The gas seen still contains metals and is not pristine gas from the postulated BBN and before the CMBR is said to evolve or metal free gas that is pristine from the cosmic dark ages after the CMBR is said to form, about 380,000 years after postulated BB event that violates the conservation law of energy.Exotic targets include quasars, black holes and brown dwarfs TWIN TELESCOPES WITH NEAR-INFRARED "EYES" BEGIN ALL-SKY SURVEY Any postulated stellar evolution along the comoving radial distance is not observable from Earth today. Space at the comoving radial distance expands 2.0215222E+00 or a bit more than 2 x c velocity using H0 = 69 km/s/Mpc. Comoving radial distance 28.647 Gly from Earth today. Age of universe at z = 0.786 Gyr or < 800 million years old universe after BB event. Look back distance or light time = 12.936 Gyr or 12.936 billion light years from Earth. Using cosmology calculators, and z=6.9, I get these values for the expanding universe in BB cosmology. JWST/NIRCam Observations of the Ultraluminous High-redshift Quasar J0100+2802,, 12-June-2023. First Spectroscopic Characterization of the Young Stars and Ionized Gas Associated with Strong Hβ and Line Emission in Galaxies at z = 5–7 with JWST,, 12-June-2023. A Large Sample of -emitting Galaxies at 5.3 < z < 6.9 and Direct Evidence for Local Reionization by Galaxies,, 12-June-2023. "We still can't explain how quasars were able to grow so large so early in the history of the universe," she shared.” My note, *more chaotic*, and *shooting off many supernovae* is needed to explain the metals seen in the gas, a SMBH confirmed some 10 billion solar masses, and difficult to explain how quasars formed and grew so large, so early in the BB model for the expanding universe. They had quite an adventurous youth!" Along the way, Eilers used Webb's data to confirm that the black hole in the quasar at the center of this field is the most massive currently known in the early universe, weighing 10 billion times the mass of the Sun. "Webb shows they were actively forming stars and must have been shooting off many supernovae. I also note this in the report, “What do these galaxies look like? "They are more chaotic than those in the nearby universe," explained Jorryt Matthee, also of ETH Zürich and the lead author of the team's second paper. My observations, no pristine gas or metal free gas is seen in the quasar light, Lyman alpha. , I read this report too and note some items here. "By illuminating gas along our line of sight, the quasar gives us extensive information about the composition and state of the gas," Anna-Christina Eilers of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the lead author of another one of the team's newly released papers, said in the same statement. Turning Webb toward one particular quasar, the astronomers observed its light moving through the universe's gas, being absorbed by opaque gas in some areas and traveling through transparent gas in others. The team was able to see this phenomenon in action thanks to the illumination of a quasar, an extremely bright supermassive black hole. Eventually, they all combined to create a transparent universe. As the galaxies grew, the bubbles of reionized gas merged, creating even larger pockets of transparency. Energy from newly forming stars reionized the gas inside that balloon. Imagine that each of these young galaxies was surrounded by a balloon. "With Webb's data, we are seeing galaxies reionize the gas around them," Daichi Kashino of Japan's Nagoya University, lead author of a new paper sharing the team's results, said in a statement.
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